Vijay Koshti Statistics ( Statistical concepts and related articles)

  B. Sc. III Semester V Subject-Statistics-XI DSE-E15: Sampling Theory Theory: 36 Hours. (Credit 02)   Unit-1     Simple and Stratified Random Sampling: Introduction:         Sampling is quite often used in our day to day practical life. For example -   in a shop we assess the quality of sugar, wheat or any   other commodity by taking a handful of it from the bag and then decide to purchase it or not. A housewife normally tests, the cooked products to find if they are properly cooked and contain the proper quantity of salt. In sampling theory we first define the following terms. i)   Population (Universe) The group of individuals under study is called population or universe.   (The totality of the objects of study)   For example -if we are going to study the economic conditions of primary teachers in Maharashtra state, then the total of all the primary teachers in Maharashtra state is...

  Small Sample Tests             We have seen large sample tests for testing hypothesis about population mean, population proportion and population correlation coefficient. However in number of situations exact tests or small sample tests can be used for testing hypothesis about a population parameter under some assumptions.             In small sample tests, the statistic follows exact sampling distribution viz. chi square (χ 2 ), t or F for sample of any size. Hence small sample tests can be regarded as exact tests. The procedure of testing the null hypothesis H0 in small sample tests is almost identical to that of large sample test. We divide these tests into three classes according to the distribution of test statistic as follows. Tests based on:-            ...